Was the Last Supper on Thursday or Friday?
The Last Supper, a pivotal event in Christian history, has been a subject of debate for centuries. One of the most enduring questions surrounding this event is whether the Last Supper occurred on Thursday or Friday. This article delves into the historical evidence and theological interpretations to shed light on this long-standing controversy.
Historical Evidence
The Synoptic Gospels—Matthew, Mark, and Luke—indicate that the Last Supper took place on the eve of Jesus’ crucifixion. However, there is a discrepancy between the Synoptics and the Gospel of John regarding the day of the week. The Synoptics suggest that the Last Supper was a Passover meal, which would typically fall on Thursday evening according to Jewish tradition. In contrast, John’s Gospel places the Last Supper on the day before the Passover, which would be Friday.
The Passover celebration, a Jewish festival commemorating the Exodus from Egypt, was traditionally held on the 14th day of the Hebrew month of Nisan. The festival commenced with the preparation of the Passover meal on the evening of the 14th day, followed by the sacrifice of the Passover lamb on the 15th day. This timeline supports the Synoptics’ account of the Last Supper occurring on Thursday evening.
Theological Interpretations
Theological interpretations of the Last Supper’s date vary widely among Christian denominations. Many conservative and Catholic Christians adhere to the Synoptic view, believing that the Last Supper was a Passover meal and, therefore, took place on Thursday. They argue that Jesus, being fully aware of Jewish traditions, would have observed the Passover according to Jewish law.
On the other hand, some Protestant denominations, including some Evangelical and Lutheran churches, lean towards the Johannine perspective, which places the Last Supper on Friday. They contend that the Last Supper was a Seder meal, a traditional Jewish meal held on the first night of Passover, and that Jesus established the Lord’s Supper as a new covenant in place of the Passover.
Conclusion
The question of whether the Last Supper occurred on Thursday or Friday remains a subject of debate among scholars and theologians. While historical evidence suggests that the Synoptic view is more likely, theological interpretations continue to shape the beliefs of various Christian denominations. Regardless of the day, the Last Supper remains a profound event in Christian history, symbolizing Jesus’ final teachings and His impending sacrifice for the sins of humanity.
